Syria’s New Transitional Justice Bodies Spark Hope but Face Criticism Over Narrow Mandate
Syria’s transitional government has recently announced presidential decrees creating two bodies: the Transitional Justice Commission and the National Commission for the Missing, HRW reported. While seen as potential milestones in addressing wartime abuses, the commissions’ narrow scope has drawn criticism from human rights advocates.
The Transitional Justice Commission’s mandate, as defined by the decree, focuses solely on crimes committed by the former Assad regime, excluding victims of violations by armed opposition groups. This contradicts the broader March Constitutional Declaration, which promised a victim-centered approach to truth, accountability, and reparations. Experts note the decree fails to clarify how survivors will shape the commission’s work, raising concerns about transparency and inclusivity.
The National Commission for the Missing has been met with cautious optimism, but its effectiveness hinges on adopting rights-based frameworks and involving families of the disappeared. Syrian activists, who have long documented atrocities and supported international justice efforts, stress that excluding their input risks perpetuating divisions.
Recent sectarian tensions underscore the urgency of an inclusive process. The government now faces a choice: embrace a justice model that acknowledges all victims or deepen societal fractures. International partners, including the UN, urge Syria to follow examples like the UN Independent Institution on Missing Persons, which collaborates closely with victims’ groups.
Global stakeholders warn that financial and political support will depend on the commissions’ adherence to transparency and victim leadership. As Syria stands at a crossroads, advocates emphasize that sidelining certain survivors could squander a historic chance for meaningful justice.
