UK town of Nelson faces integration struggles amid language gaps

Nelson, a former mill town in Lancashire, is facing growing concerns over integration due to high numbers of residents with limited English proficiency, MailOnline reported. According to Census data, Pendle Borough Council — where Nelson is located — has the highest rate in England of residents who speak little or no English, particularly among those whose first language is not English. In some central wards, nearly 20% of residents struggle with English.

The town, once known for its cotton industry, has seen a significant demographic shift over the decades. The 2021 Census shows that the Asian population, mainly of Pakistani heritage, has grown to 52.6%, while the white population has declined to 43%. This transformation has coincided with reduced use of English in daily life and limited interaction across communities.

Chief among the concerns is the lack of English language skills among new arrivals and long-time residents alike. While some older immigrants have integrated linguistically and economically, others, particularly women and recent migrants from Pakistan and other countries, have limited exposure to English due to cultural and economic reasons.

The UK Labour Party has proposed raising English language requirements across all immigration routes, citing the need for improved integration. Party leader Keir Starmer warned that without action, the UK risks becoming “an island of strangers.” Locals describe Nelson as divided along cultural and linguistic lines. Independent businesses cater to a largely Asian clientele, while traditional shops have seen a sharp decline.

The town centre struggles economically, with many empty shops and properties available at very low prices. The town that now has 19 mosques within walking distance. Despite these challenges, some residents remain optimistic. Community leaders stress that many migrants are eager to learn English and integrate but face barriers due to limited resources and opportunities.

Meanwhile, others believe more proactive efforts are needed from both the government and communities to encourage language learning and social cohesion. Nelson’s situation underscores broader national debates about immigration, identity, and the role of language in fostering unity across diverse populations.