Study Urges Global Dietary Shift to Meet Climate Targets

Study Urges Global Dietary Shift to Meet Climate Targets
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A new study from the University of British Columbia underscores the critical role of dietary change in limiting global warming, warning that nearly half of the world’s population must modify eating habits to keep temperature rise below 2°C.

Led by researcher Juan Diego Martinez, the study estimates that 44 percent of people globally need to adjust their diets, a figure that rises sharply in wealthier countries. In Canada, the research suggests that at least 90 percent of the population exceeds recommended food-related emissions levels.

Using data from 112 countries accounting for 99 percent of global food-system emissions, the study projects that by 2050, dietary changes may be required for around 90 percent of the global population. The findings highlight food systems as a major source of emissions, responsible for more than one-third of human-caused greenhouse gases.

The wealthiest 15 percent of people generate nearly 30 percent of food-related emissions, a level comparable to the combined emissions of the poorest half of the global population. In Canada, emissions from beef consumption alone account for a significant share of dietary impact.

Rather than focusing on transport or energy use, the research emphasizes food as a universal area for climate action. Recommendations include reducing food waste, moderating high-emission foods such as beef, and supporting policies that encourage sustainable food systems. The study concludes that broad participation is essential to achieving meaningful climate progress.