Rwanda-Backed M23 Offensive in Eastern DR Congo Sparks Mass Displacement and Renewed Violence

Rwanda-Backed M23 Offensive in Eastern DR Congo Sparks Mass Displacement and Renewed Violence
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New fighting in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has forced an estimated 200,000 people to flee, following a major offensive by the Rwanda-backed M23 rebel group into the strategic city of Uvira near the Burundi border.

According to The Guardian, the advance comes despite a recent U.S.-brokered peace agreement between DRC President Félix Tshisekedi and Rwandan President Paul Kagame, which did not include M23 and has already shown signs of destabilisation.

M23 announced it had taken control of Uvira after Congolese army forces withdrew, prompting civilians to flee amid reports of sporadic gunfire and chaos in the streets. Uvira’s fall follows earlier captures of major eastern cities, including Goma and Bukavu, heightening fears of further territorial expansion.

Regional officials reported at least 74 civilians killed in the latest clashes, with additional casualties likely amid ongoing fighting. Humanitarian organisations describe the situation as part of one of the worst displacement crises in Africa, with millions uprooted since fighting intensified earlier in 2025.

The government in Kinshasa has accused Rwanda of backing M23 with troops and logistics, allegations Kigali denies, while authorities in Burundi closed its border and reported more than 30,000 refugees entering from Congo.

As reported by Reuters, the surge in violence raises concerns over the viability of peace efforts and the broader humanitarian impact across the region. Analysts warn that excluding M23 from formal peace talks undermines prospects for a lasting settlement.