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AI is accelerating scientific discovery at unprecedented pace, scientists say

AI is accelerating scientific discovery at unprecedented pace, scientists say
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Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) are dramatically accelerating the solving of complex mathematical equations that have long hindered progress in physics, chemistry, and climate science, Earth.com revealed. Researchers who previously waited years for computational breakthroughs can now solve intricate formulas in minutes or hours.

A new 500-page review from over 60 scientists outlines how machine learning models, including equivariant graph neural networks, are reshaping scientific computation. These AI models learn from known solutions to predict outcomes rapidly while respecting physical laws, improving both speed and accuracy. For example, graph neural networks replicated a month-long density functional theory calculation in under ten minutes on a laptop.

AI-driven breakthroughs include AlphaFold’s prediction of protein structures and materials science advances that accelerate battery electrolyte screening. Climate modelers also benefit from neural solvers that reduce energy costs by 40% without compromising accuracy.

Despite these gains, challenges remain, such as data scarcity and ethical concerns related to dual-use technologies. Collaborative efforts like Texas A&M’s RAISE Initiative bring together multidisciplinary teams to share data and resources, while industry partners provide curated datasets and cloud access to AI models.

Experts anticipate AI becoming a routine scientific tool, enabling researchers to focus on deeper questions and more innovative experiments.

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