Prophet’s Command to Join Usama’s Army: A Defining Moment in Early Islamic History
On the 26th of Safar in the year 11 AH, during the final days of his life, the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) issued a decisive order: all Muslims were to prepare and join the army led by Usama ibn Zayd. Despite the Prophet’s repeated emphasis, the command faced opposition from some companions, including Abu Bakr and Umar, leaving lasting historical and political consequences for the Muslim community.
According to Islamic historical accounts, the Prophet, gravely ill at the time, declared the order with clarity: “Prepare the army of Usama.” His instruction was absolute, leaving no exceptions. By appointing the young Usama as commander, the Prophet signaled that faith and merit, not tribal affiliation or age, should determine leadership.
The directive was intended not only as a military strategy to address external threats but also as a means to safeguard Muslim unity and prevent internal divisions. Scholars argue that sending all companions—including those who later contested succession—could have prevented disputes that arose following the Prophet’s passing.
Yet, chroniclers note that figures such as Abu Bakr and Umar resisted or delayed fulfilling the command. This defiance, despite the Prophet’s insistence, is seen by many scholars as a turning point that contributed to later conflicts over leadership in the Muslim community.
The Qur’anic injunction in Surah al-Nisa (4:59), which commands believers to obey God, His Messenger, and Rightful Leaders, is often cited to underscore the seriousness of disregarding the Prophet’s directives. Shi’a scholars, in particular, view the episode of Usama’s army as a powerful example of the necessity of complete obedience to the Prophet.
The incident, still studied by historians and theologians, highlights the far-reaching consequences of disobedience at a critical juncture in Islamic history. For many, the command of Usama’s army stands as a defining moment, demonstrating that adherence to the Prophet’s guidance was essential for preserving justice and preventing divisions within the Muslim ummah.
