Commemoration of Iraq’s 1920 Revolution, ‘Thawrat al-Ishrin,’ Led by the Second Mirza Shirazi

Commemoration of Iraq’s 1920 Revolution, ‘Thawrat al-Ishrin,’ Led by the Second Mirza Shirazi
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The 20th of Rabi’ al-Thani marks the anniversary of the 1920 Iraqi Revolution, known as “Thawrat al-Ishrin,” which was led by the Grand Ayatollah Mirza Muhammad Taqi al-Shirazi. Through his courageous religious decrees (fatawa), he mobilized the Iraqi people against the British occupiers, turning the uprising into a symbol of the nation’s resistance and determination to achieve independence.

The 1920 Revolution is recognized as a vital event in Iraq’s modern history. It was a direct response to the British occupation following World War I and demonstrated the unity of the Iraqi people in their struggle for independence and self-rule.

Despite their prior dissatisfaction with Ottoman rule, the Iraqi people rose to defend their land against the invading British forces. The religious scholars and Mara’ja (sources of emulation), especially Grand Ayatollah Mirza Muhammad Taqi al-Shirazi, encouraged the people to rise up against the occupiers through their pronouncements and guidance.

The uprising began in the summer of 1920 and lasted for three months, with the goal of expelling the British forces and establishing an independent government.

Although the revolt ultimately failed and incurred significant human and financial costs, its profound impact on Iraqi history is undeniable. The 1920 Revolution is not only recognized as a symbol of resistance but also played a crucial role in establishing the first national government and shaping the political identity of Iraqis.

This day is commemorated annually to ensure the Iraqi people remember the history of their struggles against oppression and injustice.