Marine Biodiversity Treaty to Take Effect After Global Ratification Milestone

Marine Biodiversity Treaty to Take Effect After Global Ratification Milestone
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The world’s first treaty aimed at safeguarding marine biodiversity in international waters will come into force early next year, following Morocco’s ratification as the 60th nation, Al Jazeera reported. The agreement, formally adopted on Friday, will become legally binding on January 17, 2026, extending protections to two-thirds of the world’s oceans and potentially 10 million species, many yet to be identified.

UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres hailed the treaty as a “lifeline for the ocean and humanity,” stressing its role in combating climate change, biodiversity loss and pollution. The treaty establishes binding rules to conserve and sustainably use marine resources, create protected zones, and promote scientific collaboration and capacity-building.

So far, 60 countries have ratified the pact, while another 122 nations and the European Union have signed, signaling intent to follow suit. However, experts note that enforcement depends on individual governments, making broad participation crucial. The treaty covers the high seas—waters beyond national economic zones—as well as seabeds outside national jurisdiction.

A new decision-making body, the Conference of the Parties (COP), will coordinate with existing organizations such as the International Seabed Authority. One contentious issue is deep-sea mining. While more than 38 nations back a moratorium until risks are better understood, others, including the United States and Nauru, are pushing ahead. Environmental groups warn the practice could damage fragile ecosystems and harm marine life. Observers say the treaty represents a landmark step in global ocean governance, though its success hinges on effective implementation and cooperation.